1
00:00:07,430 --> 00:00:03,110
alicia simpson and happy holidays from

2
00:00:07,440 --> 00:00:13,030
happy holidays to you

3
00:00:26,950 --> 00:00:14,549
we're ready for your questions whenever

4
00:00:26,960 --> 00:00:34,310
what is done for the astronauts to keep

5
00:00:37,350 --> 00:00:35,830
we're having a hard time hearing you so

6
00:00:39,270 --> 00:00:37,360
you guys need to speak up a little bit

7
00:00:40,709 --> 00:00:39,280
we can see you here as well but i think

8
00:00:46,630 --> 00:00:40,719
we already know what your question was

9
00:00:51,670 --> 00:00:49,350
olivia did you ask me about their family

10
00:00:54,229 --> 00:00:51,680
about their family

11
00:00:56,229 --> 00:00:54,239
yes i did

12
00:00:58,229 --> 00:00:56,239
okay um

13
00:00:59,830 --> 00:00:58,239
it's it's kind of you know it's

14
00:01:01,430 --> 00:00:59,840
challenging for them just imagine if you

15
00:01:03,990 --> 00:01:01,440
were away from your family for long

16
00:01:05,509 --> 00:01:04,000
periods of time so uh but we have really

17
00:01:07,429 --> 00:01:05,519
good things in place here at nasa for

18
00:01:08,950 --> 00:01:07,439
them to be able to uh do video

19
00:01:10,950 --> 00:01:08,960
conferences with them like you're doing

20
00:01:13,190 --> 00:01:10,960
with me to be able to call down and talk

21
00:01:15,109 --> 00:01:13,200
to them on the phone so they're they're

22
00:01:16,550 --> 00:01:15,119
always in contact with their family but

23
00:01:17,990 --> 00:01:16,560
you know no one wants to be away from

24
00:01:19,590 --> 00:01:18,000
their family for a long period of time

25
00:01:20,630 --> 00:01:19,600
but we make sure that they are able to

26
00:01:22,310 --> 00:01:20,640
do that

27
00:01:24,149 --> 00:01:22,320
the really cool thing is that we have so

28
00:01:27,350 --> 00:01:24,159
many different ways of communicating

29
00:01:28,550 --> 00:01:27,360
with the crews now on orbit that we have

30
00:01:29,749 --> 00:01:28,560
email

31
00:01:31,270 --> 00:01:29,759
which is a

32
00:01:33,510 --> 00:01:31,280
way a lot of parents keep in touch with

33
00:01:34,630 --> 00:01:33,520
their kids anyway these days especially

34
00:01:36,310 --> 00:01:34,640
when they've grown up and gone away to

35
00:01:39,030 --> 00:01:36,320
college and the like

36
00:01:43,270 --> 00:01:39,040
we've got special sessions where we use

37
00:01:45,109 --> 00:01:43,280
net meeting kind of like a facetime or a

38
00:01:47,109 --> 00:01:45,119
skype where they can talk directly and

39
00:01:48,469 --> 00:01:47,119
see each other in the in the time that

40
00:01:50,149 --> 00:01:48,479
they're doing that

41
00:01:52,069 --> 00:01:50,159
and they have a telephone up there that

42
00:01:53,590 --> 00:01:52,079
is an ip phone where they can actually

43
00:01:55,270 --> 00:01:53,600
call down and talk to their family

44
00:01:56,950 --> 00:01:55,280
members directly

45
00:01:59,910 --> 00:01:56,960
so there's all those different ways that

46
00:02:02,630 --> 00:01:59,920
they have chances to communicate both

47
00:02:04,709 --> 00:02:02,640
visually through writing and through

48
00:02:06,709 --> 00:02:04,719
audio means and so it's a little bit

49
00:02:08,630 --> 00:02:06,719
like being away on a long business trip

50
00:02:10,229 --> 00:02:08,640
for the crews and so they miss their

51
00:02:11,190 --> 00:02:10,239
families and their families miss them

52
00:02:16,309 --> 00:02:11,200
but they still have lots of

53
00:02:16,319 --> 00:02:20,150
thank you oh you're welcome

54
00:02:28,229 --> 00:02:23,270
we have our next uh student jordan perry

55
00:02:31,830 --> 00:02:29,350
i'm sorry i didn't hear you could you

56
00:02:35,190 --> 00:02:33,190
and i think she said how does the

57
00:02:37,990 --> 00:02:35,200
spacesuit work

58
00:02:39,830 --> 00:02:38,000
oh wow that's a fairly loaded question

59
00:02:41,270 --> 00:02:39,840
it uh

60
00:02:44,550 --> 00:02:41,280
kelly do you want to try to tackle it

61
00:02:45,430 --> 00:02:44,560
well the space shoots we use for the u.s

62
00:02:47,670 --> 00:02:45,440
there's two different kinds of

63
00:02:49,830 --> 00:02:47,680
spacesuits first of all there's a u.s

64
00:02:52,150 --> 00:02:49,840
spacesuit a nasa space suit we call the

65
00:02:53,750 --> 00:02:52,160
extra vehicular mobility unit and

66
00:02:56,869 --> 00:02:53,760
there's a russian one that we call the

67
00:02:59,430 --> 00:02:56,879
orlon and they're very similar because

68
00:03:00,630 --> 00:02:59,440
essentially what they are is a personal

69
00:03:03,030 --> 00:03:00,640
spaceship

70
00:03:04,949 --> 00:03:03,040
and they provide all of the protection

71
00:03:07,190 --> 00:03:04,959
from the outside environment around

72
00:03:09,670 --> 00:03:07,200
space that you would need if you were

73
00:03:12,390 --> 00:03:09,680
actually in a spaceship but it allows

74
00:03:14,470 --> 00:03:12,400
you to move about and get use your arms

75
00:03:16,949 --> 00:03:14,480
and to do important tasks that we need

76
00:03:18,309 --> 00:03:16,959
to do to maintain the space station or

77
00:03:20,630 --> 00:03:18,319
they did a lot of it to assemble the

78
00:03:23,030 --> 00:03:20,640
space station in the first place and so

79
00:03:25,350 --> 00:03:23,040
what you've got is you've got a inside

80
00:03:27,990 --> 00:03:25,360
the space dude you have a liquid cooling

81
00:03:30,710 --> 00:03:28,000
garment because in spite of the fact you

82
00:03:32,390 --> 00:03:30,720
might think space is is cool actually

83
00:03:33,750 --> 00:03:32,400
all the work that you do in it can build

84
00:03:35,670 --> 00:03:33,760
up a lot of heat and we've got really

85
00:03:36,949 --> 00:03:35,680
good insulation in the spacesuit and so

86
00:03:39,430 --> 00:03:36,959
one of the hardest things you have to do

87
00:03:40,309 --> 00:03:39,440
is get rid of all that excess heat and

88
00:03:41,990 --> 00:03:40,319
so

89
00:03:44,630 --> 00:03:42,000
there is a liquid coulee garment that

90
00:03:45,750 --> 00:03:44,640
has lots of tubing with water and they

91
00:03:47,670 --> 00:03:45,760
can

92
00:03:48,949 --> 00:03:47,680
with a little dial on the front of their

93
00:03:50,949 --> 00:03:48,959
spacesuit they can adjust the

94
00:03:52,710 --> 00:03:50,959
temperature of the spacesuit so they can

95
00:03:55,110 --> 00:03:52,720
stay comfortable and work

96
00:03:56,789 --> 00:03:55,120
they've got a little uh

97
00:03:58,390 --> 00:03:56,799
mouth water

98
00:04:00,070 --> 00:03:58,400
delivery system so that they can take a

99
00:04:02,869 --> 00:04:00,080
drink because they're usually out there

100
00:04:04,630 --> 00:04:02,879
for six and a half or more hours and so

101
00:04:06,390 --> 00:04:04,640
it's very important that they be able to

102
00:04:07,830 --> 00:04:06,400
stay rehydrated

103
00:04:10,309 --> 00:04:07,840
they have

104
00:04:12,390 --> 00:04:10,319
a multi-layer spacesuit that provides

105
00:04:15,350 --> 00:04:12,400
pressure for them and it also provides

106
00:04:18,550 --> 00:04:15,360
protection uh against uh the uh the

107
00:04:21,110 --> 00:04:18,560
thermal environment and to some level uh

108
00:04:24,070 --> 00:04:21,120
uh tiny pieces of space junk uh that

109
00:04:25,749 --> 00:04:24,080
sort of thing uh and then uh

110
00:04:27,189 --> 00:04:25,759
the gloves are really important on the

111
00:04:29,270 --> 00:04:27,199
spacesuits because when you're out there

112
00:04:31,350 --> 00:04:29,280
doing work your hands are your most

113
00:04:33,270 --> 00:04:31,360
important thing and engineers here at

114
00:04:35,510 --> 00:04:33,280
johnson space room done a lot of work

115
00:04:37,670 --> 00:04:35,520
over the years to make these gloves

116
00:04:40,469 --> 00:04:37,680
protective enough but also

117
00:04:42,870 --> 00:04:40,479
nimble enough that you can do a lot of

118
00:04:44,550 --> 00:04:42,880
the the tight work that you have to do

119
00:04:46,629 --> 00:04:44,560
when you're connecting connectors for

120
00:04:48,070 --> 00:04:46,639
electrical connections or

121
00:04:50,230 --> 00:04:48,080
connecting fluid connections are

122
00:04:52,469 --> 00:04:50,240
associated with the cooling systems on

123
00:04:54,310 --> 00:04:52,479
the space station so

124
00:04:55,670 --> 00:04:54,320
and and that's basically how it works

125
00:04:57,270 --> 00:04:55,680
you have your oxygen tanks you have

126
00:04:59,270 --> 00:04:57,280
electricity that powers the systems of

127
00:05:23,110 --> 00:04:59,280
the suit and once you go outside you're

128
00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:28,950
are there wet in mission control

129
00:05:33,029 --> 00:05:31,350
regular routines followed by yes okay

130
00:05:34,870 --> 00:05:33,039
yes there are um

131
00:05:36,950 --> 00:05:34,880
regular routines yes they're daily

132
00:05:38,550 --> 00:05:36,960
operations they have to get up they have

133
00:05:40,310 --> 00:05:38,560
to talk to the flight directors they

134
00:05:42,230 --> 00:05:40,320
have meetings and figure out what the

135
00:05:45,830 --> 00:05:42,240
tasks are for today

136
00:05:49,990 --> 00:05:47,990
and then they

137
00:05:51,990 --> 00:05:50,000
go through what the plan is for the day

138
00:05:52,790 --> 00:05:52,000
the day is already planned out and so

139
00:06:02,550 --> 00:05:52,800
the

140
00:06:05,350 --> 00:06:02,560
follow a daily routine and it's planned

141
00:06:07,110 --> 00:06:05,360
out ahead of time for the most part

142
00:06:09,990 --> 00:06:07,120
yeah interestingly though we're working

143
00:06:12,309 --> 00:06:10,000
on new ways to keep from having to have

144
00:06:14,629 --> 00:06:12,319
mission control be so directly involved

145
00:06:16,550 --> 00:06:14,639
in everything that the crews do on orbit

146
00:06:17,990 --> 00:06:16,560
the crews like to be somewhat autonomous

147
00:06:19,590 --> 00:06:18,000
so they can choose when they get their

148
00:06:21,510 --> 00:06:19,600
work done

149
00:06:23,990 --> 00:06:21,520
and when to work on one thing versus

150
00:06:26,309 --> 00:06:24,000
another thing and and uh

151
00:06:28,390 --> 00:06:26,319
it's also important that we

152
00:06:30,070 --> 00:06:28,400
learn how to do that

153
00:06:31,830 --> 00:06:30,080
without having to have mission control

154
00:06:35,029 --> 00:06:31,840
there for everything because as we go

155
00:06:37,749 --> 00:06:35,039
farther out into space there are delays

156
00:06:39,430 --> 00:06:37,759
in communication that will occur and you

157
00:06:41,189 --> 00:06:39,440
don't want to have to wait half an hour

158
00:06:42,710 --> 00:06:41,199
when you're at mars to get an answer for

159
00:06:44,790 --> 00:06:42,720
mission control before you can go on to

160
00:06:46,790 --> 00:06:44,800
the next step and so

161
00:06:49,510 --> 00:06:46,800
lately they've been doing some special

162
00:06:50,790 --> 00:06:49,520
work earlier this week they did work on

163
00:06:59,350 --> 00:06:50,800
the

164
00:07:01,430 --> 00:06:59,360
now could do it virtually on his own

165
00:07:03,110 --> 00:07:01,440
without having to ask mission control

166
00:07:05,589 --> 00:07:03,120
questions and like

167
00:07:08,309 --> 00:07:05,599
and so while there is a very structured

168
00:07:09,909 --> 00:07:08,319
routine for the crew on board

169
00:07:11,830 --> 00:07:09,919
they're also

170
00:07:14,309 --> 00:07:11,840
are looking at new opportunities where

171
00:07:15,110 --> 00:07:14,319
we can minimize that so that the crews

172
00:07:16,629 --> 00:07:15,120
can

173
00:07:18,710 --> 00:07:16,639
go to the office and do their job

174
00:07:21,189 --> 00:07:18,720
without having to have somebody explain

175
00:07:22,550 --> 00:07:21,199
how to do things all day long

176
00:07:24,150 --> 00:07:22,560
you know the other part of that is that

177
00:07:25,350 --> 00:07:24,160
the folks here in mission control have a

178
00:07:29,110 --> 00:07:25,360
schedule

179
00:07:31,270 --> 00:07:29,120
we work here in mission control 24 7 365

180
00:07:32,950 --> 00:07:31,280
days a year and so that means that there

181
00:07:35,670 --> 00:07:32,960
are three shift to flight controllers

182
00:07:37,589 --> 00:07:35,680
that work every day and they cover about

183
00:07:39,909 --> 00:07:37,599
an eight hour shift each one and then

184
00:07:41,909 --> 00:07:39,919
they have a handover period so that the

185
00:07:43,830 --> 00:07:41,919
folks who are leaving can tell the

186
00:07:45,350 --> 00:07:43,840
status of all the systems and things

187
00:07:47,830 --> 00:07:45,360
that we have to do

188
00:07:49,189 --> 00:07:47,840
to the folks that are coming on and then

189
00:07:50,629 --> 00:07:49,199
uh the

190
00:07:52,550 --> 00:07:50,639
then that crew member does the same

191
00:07:54,629 --> 00:07:52,560
thing for the oncoming crew and so we

192
00:07:56,390 --> 00:07:54,639
keep a rotating crew in it make sure

193
00:07:59,350 --> 00:07:56,400
everybody's up to date everybody knows

194
00:08:04,309 --> 00:07:59,360
the important items and that everybody's

195
00:08:24,550 --> 00:08:07,749
thank you you're welcome you're welcome

196
00:08:24,560 --> 00:08:28,550
fresh fruit

197
00:08:32,070 --> 00:08:30,790
oh yeah they would love to get it more

198
00:08:33,269 --> 00:08:32,080
often but they can

199
00:08:34,709 --> 00:08:33,279
only get it

200
00:08:37,670 --> 00:08:34,719
when there's a vehicle that can bring it

201
00:08:39,509 --> 00:08:37,680
to them but as far as the food being on

202
00:08:42,149 --> 00:08:39,519
station they have some of the regular

203
00:08:44,149 --> 00:08:42,159
stuff that you eat here on earth granola

204
00:08:45,670 --> 00:08:44,159
bars m m's things like that and that

205
00:08:47,670 --> 00:08:45,680
doesn't require anything special for

206
00:08:49,030 --> 00:08:47,680
them to have that type of thing but they

207
00:08:50,389 --> 00:08:49,040
do also have

208
00:08:53,269 --> 00:08:50,399
food that's freeze-dried that they need

209
00:08:55,430 --> 00:08:53,279
to be rehydrated um when they're up

210
00:08:57,190 --> 00:08:55,440
there and so those uh have kind of a

211
00:08:57,990 --> 00:08:57,200
shelf life of about a year year and a

212
00:08:59,670 --> 00:08:58,000
half

213
00:09:01,509 --> 00:08:59,680
and um

214
00:09:03,509 --> 00:09:01,519
they uh

215
00:09:05,030 --> 00:09:03,519
and really enjoy the food they get to

216
00:09:06,870 --> 00:09:05,040
taste it on the ground before they go up

217
00:09:08,550 --> 00:09:06,880
into space actually so they get to kind

218
00:09:10,710 --> 00:09:08,560
of pick out their menus and decide what

219
00:09:12,470 --> 00:09:10,720
they what they think they might like to

220
00:09:14,389 --> 00:09:12,480
eat for six months since they're going

221
00:09:16,550 --> 00:09:14,399
to be there so it's it's kind of fun

222
00:09:18,630 --> 00:09:16,560
they get to do food tastings and and

223
00:09:19,990 --> 00:09:18,640
kind of pick their own menu yeah a lot

224
00:09:21,670 --> 00:09:20,000
of things that they have on the space

225
00:09:23,670 --> 00:09:21,680
station to eat are the same kind of

226
00:09:25,030 --> 00:09:23,680
things that you could go to the grocery

227
00:09:27,350 --> 00:09:25,040
store and buy

228
00:09:28,630 --> 00:09:27,360
thermo stabilized meals i know there are

229
00:09:29,990 --> 00:09:28,640
some really good ones out there that you

230
00:09:31,269 --> 00:09:30,000
can just buy and you can stick them in

231
00:09:32,790 --> 00:09:31,279
your pantry and you don't have to

232
00:09:33,990 --> 00:09:32,800
refrigerate them or freeze or anything

233
00:09:35,509 --> 00:09:34,000
and you can heat them up in the

234
00:09:36,870 --> 00:09:35,519
microwave they have different ways of

235
00:09:39,269 --> 00:09:36,880
heating them on the space station they

236
00:09:41,990 --> 00:09:39,279
don't have a microwave but they they do

237
00:09:43,190 --> 00:09:42,000
have that capability to eat the same

238
00:09:45,910 --> 00:09:43,200
kind of things you would eat here on the

239
00:09:47,509 --> 00:09:45,920
ground but the the folks here in in

240
00:09:49,350 --> 00:09:47,519
mission control and in our food

241
00:09:52,070 --> 00:09:49,360
laboratory also do a lot of work to make

242
00:09:54,310 --> 00:09:52,080
sure that the nutritional components of

243
00:09:55,910 --> 00:09:54,320
the diet are really healthy

244
00:09:57,829 --> 00:09:55,920
and we're learning more and more there's

245
00:09:59,829 --> 00:09:57,839
a special experiment called pro k right

246
00:10:02,949 --> 00:09:59,839
now where doctors on the ground are

247
00:10:05,590 --> 00:10:02,959
looking at how the nutritional

248
00:10:08,389 --> 00:10:05,600
components of their food that they eat

249
00:10:10,790 --> 00:10:08,399
affect their long-term health and their

250
00:10:11,990 --> 00:10:10,800
reaction to microgravity we're finding

251
00:10:14,630 --> 00:10:12,000
out that some of the things that you

252
00:10:17,350 --> 00:10:14,640
would think might be

253
00:10:19,190 --> 00:10:17,360
the expected behavior such as eating a

254
00:10:21,590 --> 00:10:19,200
lot of protein would be good for you

255
00:10:24,230 --> 00:10:21,600
when really it may end up not being as

256
00:10:26,949 --> 00:10:24,240
good for you and so we're working on how

257
00:10:28,710 --> 00:10:26,959
to fine-tune the diet so that

258
00:10:29,829 --> 00:10:28,720
they they can

259
00:10:30,949 --> 00:10:29,839
keep good

260
00:10:34,310 --> 00:10:30,959
muscle

261
00:10:35,910 --> 00:10:34,320
health and that their bones don't

262
00:10:37,990 --> 00:10:35,920
deteriorate and

263
00:10:39,350 --> 00:10:38,000
that goes right along with exercise

264
00:10:40,949 --> 00:10:39,360
which is very important to make sure

265
00:10:42,790 --> 00:10:40,959
they stay healthy and they can return to

266
00:10:48,150 --> 00:10:42,800
one gravity and be able to be healthy

267
00:10:52,150 --> 00:10:49,750
you're welcome

268
00:10:53,590 --> 00:10:52,160
and i should add that chris hadfield uh

269
00:10:55,910 --> 00:10:53,600
has said he's bringing some special

270
00:10:57,269 --> 00:10:55,920
treats up to the crew uh on his you know

271
00:10:59,590 --> 00:10:57,279
they're about ready to dock with the

272
00:11:01,350 --> 00:10:59,600
space station tomorrow and so whenever a

273
00:11:03,030 --> 00:11:01,360
new crew comes up they bring lots of

274
00:11:04,790 --> 00:11:03,040
special treats and some of those treats

275
00:11:06,630 --> 00:11:04,800
are fresh fruit and

276
00:11:07,829 --> 00:11:06,640
special things like chocolate and other

277
00:11:09,670 --> 00:11:07,839
things so we don't know exactly what

278
00:11:10,949 --> 00:11:09,680
they're bringing but we know that the

279
00:11:13,750 --> 00:11:10,959
crew that's on board is going to get

280
00:11:16,230 --> 00:11:13,760
some special holiday surprises

281
00:11:21,269 --> 00:11:16,240
yes i'm sure there'll be maple involved

282
00:11:21,279 --> 00:11:27,110
hi i'm

283
00:11:33,430 --> 00:11:28,790
the astronauts elizabeth feeling lonely

284
00:11:37,110 --> 00:11:35,430
oh wow yes they are because they are

285
00:11:38,630 --> 00:11:37,120
able to speak with their families and

286
00:11:39,990 --> 00:11:38,640
there's more than one of them on board

287
00:11:42,710 --> 00:11:40,000
at all times you know there's always

288
00:11:44,389 --> 00:11:42,720
constant interaction with one another

289
00:11:46,949 --> 00:11:44,399
they have what's called like a crew web

290
00:11:47,990 --> 00:11:46,959
page and they're able to select movies

291
00:11:49,430 --> 00:11:48,000
and you know some of their favorite

292
00:11:51,030 --> 00:11:49,440
movies and television shows that they

293
00:11:52,470 --> 00:11:51,040
like to watch here on the ground they're

294
00:11:54,389 --> 00:11:52,480
able to do that and read you know

295
00:11:55,829 --> 00:11:54,399
newspapers and

296
00:11:57,509 --> 00:11:55,839
they're able to still kind of keep up

297
00:11:59,590 --> 00:11:57,519
with world events and everything so they

298
00:12:00,710 --> 00:11:59,600
don't feel you know too isolated you

299
00:12:02,150 --> 00:12:00,720
don't want them to feel like they're

300
00:12:03,910 --> 00:12:02,160
completely out of touch and so there are

301
00:12:05,829 --> 00:12:03,920
ways we have a group a whole team of

302
00:12:08,069 --> 00:12:05,839
people that their job is to make sure

303
00:12:10,230 --> 00:12:08,079
that the crew doesn't feel lonely or

304
00:12:12,550 --> 00:12:10,240
isolated while they're in space right

305
00:12:14,550 --> 00:12:12,560
and they also have regular conferences

306
00:12:17,590 --> 00:12:14,560
with uh for example their boss here at

307
00:12:19,190 --> 00:12:17,600
the ground bob bacon is the lead

308
00:12:21,269 --> 00:12:19,200
astronaut and he has a regular

309
00:12:23,030 --> 00:12:21,279
conference with the crew and then you

310
00:12:25,110 --> 00:12:23,040
know we work

311
00:12:27,670 --> 00:12:25,120
in shifts here in mission control but

312
00:12:29,990 --> 00:12:27,680
for every expedition uh there is a lead

313
00:12:31,990 --> 00:12:30,000
flight director and chris edelman is the

314
00:12:34,230 --> 00:12:32,000
lead flight director for expedition 34

315
00:12:35,750 --> 00:12:34,240
right now and he has a weekly tag up

316
00:12:38,069 --> 00:12:35,760
with them and he can actually bring

317
00:12:39,750 --> 00:12:38,079
friends and and colleagues that are

318
00:12:41,829 --> 00:12:39,760
particularly close to the crew members

319
00:12:43,509 --> 00:12:41,839
in and they do a two-way conversation

320
00:12:45,590 --> 00:12:43,519
just like this where they can see and

321
00:12:47,509 --> 00:12:45,600
hear each other and do that so in

322
00:12:49,509 --> 00:12:47,519
addition to keeping them up together

323
00:12:50,790 --> 00:12:49,519
with their families they also have their

324
00:12:52,949 --> 00:12:50,800
friends and colleagues that they work

325
00:12:54,470 --> 00:12:52,959
with day to day an opportunity to get up

326
00:12:56,069 --> 00:12:54,480
there and one other thing they have is

327
00:12:57,350 --> 00:12:56,079
they do have access to the internet

328
00:13:01,350 --> 00:12:57,360
directly

329
00:13:05,509 --> 00:13:03,670
communication line that you've ever seen

330
00:13:07,269 --> 00:13:05,519
but they can actually go out and look

331
00:13:09,430 --> 00:13:07,279
online and they can even

332
00:13:11,269 --> 00:13:09,440
order flowers for their wives for their

333
00:13:13,269 --> 00:13:11,279
anniversary or send down a special

334
00:13:14,550 --> 00:13:13,279
birthday present

335
00:13:20,870 --> 00:13:14,560
through one of the online ordering

336
00:13:24,949 --> 00:13:22,629
thank you

337
00:13:26,790 --> 00:13:24,959
you're welcome

338
00:13:28,230 --> 00:13:26,800
okay we're gonna have the students speak

339
00:13:29,590 --> 00:13:28,240
a little bit closer to the computer i

340
00:13:31,190 --> 00:13:29,600
think that will help you out a little

341
00:13:33,670 --> 00:13:31,200
bit

342
00:13:39,590 --> 00:13:33,680
hi my name's kristen and my question is

343
00:13:44,230 --> 00:13:41,189
oh gosh i don't know exactly how many

344
00:13:46,870 --> 00:13:44,240
okay generally there are about 20 or 30

345
00:13:49,030 --> 00:13:46,880
people in here during a normal work

346
00:13:51,829 --> 00:13:49,040
workday shift for the crew

347
00:13:53,110 --> 00:13:51,839
the crew wakes up about midnight houston

348
00:13:55,430 --> 00:13:53,120
time

349
00:13:57,670 --> 00:13:55,440
and then they go to bed around 3 30 in

350
00:14:00,949 --> 00:13:57,680
the afternoon houston time

351
00:14:03,030 --> 00:14:00,959
and so from those periods we have a full

352
00:14:04,629 --> 00:14:03,040
team of flight controllers here and

353
00:14:06,470 --> 00:14:04,639
that's around 20 or 30 people and then

354
00:14:09,269 --> 00:14:06,480
there are some additional folks that are

355
00:14:12,069 --> 00:14:09,279
in support rooms that are nearby here

356
00:14:13,430 --> 00:14:12,079
that provide specialized input to the

357
00:14:14,949 --> 00:14:13,440
team here that's in what we call the

358
00:14:16,870 --> 00:14:14,959
front room

359
00:14:18,069 --> 00:14:16,880
and then we also

360
00:14:20,710 --> 00:14:18,079
have

361
00:14:23,430 --> 00:14:20,720
an opportunity to pull in specialists

362
00:14:25,590 --> 00:14:23,440
from the research area and principal

363
00:14:27,590 --> 00:14:25,600
investigators and those folks mainly

364
00:14:30,310 --> 00:14:27,600
come in through the payload operations

365
00:14:31,910 --> 00:14:30,320
center in huntsville alabama where nasa

366
00:14:33,509 --> 00:14:31,920
has the marshall space flight center and

367
00:14:35,590 --> 00:14:33,519
they coordinate all the research

368
00:14:46,949 --> 00:14:35,600
activities so there's lots of different

369
00:14:50,310 --> 00:14:48,470
hi i'm matthew

370
00:14:56,230 --> 00:14:50,320
what type of experiments are done on the

371
00:15:02,150 --> 00:14:58,470
there are so many you know there at any

372
00:15:03,829 --> 00:15:02,160
given time there are between 150 and 200

373
00:15:06,389 --> 00:15:03,839
different experiments going on the space

374
00:15:09,430 --> 00:15:06,399
station some of them involve crew

375
00:15:11,110 --> 00:15:09,440
involvement some of them are done by

376
00:15:12,389 --> 00:15:11,120
investigators here on the ground working

377
00:15:14,069 --> 00:15:12,399
remotely

378
00:15:15,990 --> 00:15:14,079
there are three different laboratories

379
00:15:18,550 --> 00:15:16,000
on the space station there's the nasa

380
00:15:21,509 --> 00:15:18,560
destiny laboratory there is the european

381
00:15:24,629 --> 00:15:21,519
space agency's columbus laboratory and

382
00:15:27,829 --> 00:15:24,639
there's the japanese space agency's kibo

383
00:15:29,269 --> 00:15:27,839
laboratory kibo means hope in japanese

384
00:15:31,430 --> 00:15:29,279
and so we have all these different

385
00:15:33,189 --> 00:15:31,440
experiments and there's a an

386
00:15:35,590 --> 00:15:33,199
international space station program

387
00:15:38,150 --> 00:15:35,600
science office that is based here in

388
00:15:39,350 --> 00:15:38,160
houston and they work with the folks at

389
00:15:42,069 --> 00:15:39,360
marshall

390
00:15:44,790 --> 00:15:42,079
in huntsville alabama to coordinate all

391
00:15:46,550 --> 00:15:44,800
the different experiments and among the

392
00:15:48,710 --> 00:15:46,560
experiments they do a lot of it is is

393
00:15:51,030 --> 00:15:48,720
biological experiments they use the crew

394
00:15:53,590 --> 00:15:51,040
members themselves as

395
00:15:57,990 --> 00:15:53,600
test subjects and so they will do

396
00:15:59,110 --> 00:15:58,000
different types of exercise or they will

397
00:16:01,749 --> 00:15:59,120
look at

398
00:16:04,230 --> 00:16:01,759
different displays on a laptop computer

399
00:16:06,949 --> 00:16:04,240
and have to respond to it

400
00:16:09,350 --> 00:16:06,959
they will record their daily intake of

401
00:16:12,230 --> 00:16:09,360
whatever foods they ate

402
00:16:15,030 --> 00:16:12,240
and keep journals of their moods and

403
00:16:17,189 --> 00:16:15,040
things that they feel and how they are

404
00:16:18,710 --> 00:16:17,199
and so they do all that and there's

405
00:16:21,670 --> 00:16:18,720
other biological experiments that

406
00:16:23,509 --> 00:16:21,680
involve things like fish and mice

407
00:16:25,670 --> 00:16:23,519
spiders and butterflies right now

408
00:16:27,990 --> 00:16:25,680
they're working today kevin ford was

409
00:16:29,829 --> 00:16:28,000
working with the madoka fish experiment

410
00:16:31,189 --> 00:16:29,839
which is these tiny little fish and

411
00:16:32,949 --> 00:16:31,199
there's a

412
00:16:34,230 --> 00:16:32,959
a small aquarium on board the space

413
00:16:36,870 --> 00:16:34,240
station

414
00:16:38,550 --> 00:16:36,880
and these little fish have uh of course

415
00:16:41,030 --> 00:16:38,560
skeletal systems because we all know if

416
00:16:43,829 --> 00:16:41,040
the fish have skeletons just like humans

417
00:16:46,550 --> 00:16:43,839
do they're just a lot smaller and so but

418
00:16:48,230 --> 00:16:46,560
because fish have faster metabolisms and

419
00:16:50,310 --> 00:16:48,240
don't live as long

420
00:16:52,790 --> 00:16:50,320
their the effects of microgravity on

421
00:16:53,990 --> 00:16:52,800
their bones are happens a lot faster

422
00:16:56,150 --> 00:16:54,000
than it does for us and so the

423
00:16:59,590 --> 00:16:56,160
researchers are looking at those fish

424
00:17:01,269 --> 00:16:59,600
bones to find out what longer duration

425
00:17:02,790 --> 00:17:01,279
space flight for humans how that might

426
00:17:04,150 --> 00:17:02,800
affect our skeleton systems because

427
00:17:06,390 --> 00:17:04,160
that's one of the things we've noticed

428
00:17:09,590 --> 00:17:06,400
is that when you live on board the space

429
00:17:12,309 --> 00:17:09,600
station for five six months you tend to

430
00:17:14,630 --> 00:17:12,319
lose bone mass now we're learning that

431
00:17:17,029 --> 00:17:14,640
certain types of exercise can really

432
00:17:18,949 --> 00:17:17,039
help us keep that from happening and

433
00:17:21,029 --> 00:17:18,959
we're actually getting really close to

434
00:17:22,630 --> 00:17:21,039
the point where we have zero loss of

435
00:17:23,990 --> 00:17:22,640
bone density on the space station but

436
00:17:25,510 --> 00:17:24,000
you can imagine

437
00:17:27,110 --> 00:17:25,520
a lot of people have a thing called

438
00:17:29,110 --> 00:17:27,120
osteoporosis when you get older i don't

439
00:17:30,549 --> 00:17:29,120
know if your grandparents may have any

440
00:17:32,070 --> 00:17:30,559
of this yet

441
00:17:33,750 --> 00:17:32,080
but but it means your skeleton is a

442
00:17:35,669 --> 00:17:33,760
little bit weaker and you tend to have

443
00:17:37,430 --> 00:17:35,679
broken bones or a lot of people have

444
00:17:40,390 --> 00:17:37,440
broken hips and things like that as they

445
00:17:42,710 --> 00:17:40,400
get older and we're working on learning

446
00:17:44,630 --> 00:17:42,720
how that affects astronauts because it

447
00:17:46,310 --> 00:17:44,640
happens at a lot faster rate we're

448
00:17:48,470 --> 00:17:46,320
hoping we can translate that to things

449
00:17:50,470 --> 00:17:48,480
that you can help people on the ground

450
00:17:52,390 --> 00:17:50,480
now there are plant experiments

451
00:17:54,390 --> 00:17:52,400
we were looking at the difference in the

452
00:17:56,390 --> 00:17:54,400
way plants grow

453
00:17:59,029 --> 00:17:56,400
on the ground and in space

454
00:18:01,909 --> 00:17:59,039
there are experiments as to how fire

455
00:18:03,350 --> 00:18:01,919
works and you know fire on a space

456
00:18:05,190 --> 00:18:03,360
station since it's an enclosed

457
00:18:06,470 --> 00:18:05,200
environment is a very dangerous thing

458
00:18:08,310 --> 00:18:06,480
and that's part of the thing you train

459
00:18:10,390 --> 00:18:08,320
them for is how to put out fires and how

460
00:18:13,350 --> 00:18:10,400
to react quickly

461
00:18:15,350 --> 00:18:13,360
but it also can help us make

462
00:18:17,590 --> 00:18:15,360
engines run more efficiently whether

463
00:18:18,870 --> 00:18:17,600
it's car engines or jet engines here on

464
00:18:19,750 --> 00:18:18,880
earth

465
00:18:23,590 --> 00:18:19,760
there's

466
00:18:25,510 --> 00:18:23,600
experiments into how to recycle things

467
00:18:27,590 --> 00:18:25,520
i don't know if you know this but the

468
00:18:28,870 --> 00:18:27,600
water that the crew members on the space

469
00:18:31,110 --> 00:18:28,880
station drink

470
00:18:32,789 --> 00:18:31,120
used to be their urine so they went to

471
00:18:35,510 --> 00:18:32,799
the bathroom and then that went through

472
00:18:37,990 --> 00:18:35,520
a special filtration system that does

473
00:18:40,150 --> 00:18:38,000
essentially what the earth itself does

474
00:18:42,549 --> 00:18:40,160
in about 5000 years but it takes about a

475
00:18:45,190 --> 00:18:42,559
week or two to recycle

476
00:18:46,870 --> 00:18:45,200
yesterday's coffee into tomorrow's

477
00:18:50,070 --> 00:18:46,880
coffee as one of our astronauts used to

478
00:18:52,789 --> 00:18:50,080
say and so we test things like that

479
00:18:55,430 --> 00:18:52,799
there are also important things

480
00:18:57,669 --> 00:18:55,440
looking at things like bacteria

481
00:19:00,549 --> 00:18:57,679
researchers have found out

482
00:19:03,510 --> 00:19:00,559
that there is a specific gene in some

483
00:19:05,510 --> 00:19:03,520
bacteria that turns on and off

484
00:19:07,750 --> 00:19:05,520
its ability to make you sick

485
00:19:09,510 --> 00:19:07,760
and so if we can apply that this

486
00:19:11,990 --> 00:19:09,520
particular one was salmonella which

487
00:19:14,549 --> 00:19:12,000
causes food poisoning if we can apply

488
00:19:16,310 --> 00:19:14,559
those lessons to treatments here on the

489
00:19:18,630 --> 00:19:16,320
ground we could

490
00:19:20,549 --> 00:19:18,640
virtually wipe out people getting food

491
00:19:21,990 --> 00:19:20,559
poisoning on earth

492
00:19:23,830 --> 00:19:22,000
and that would be a really help because

493
00:19:25,669 --> 00:19:23,840
a lot of people die or get very very

494
00:19:27,350 --> 00:19:25,679
sick every year

495
00:19:29,750 --> 00:19:27,360
around the world from that kind of a

496
00:19:32,310 --> 00:19:29,760
problem so very different lines of

497
00:19:34,390 --> 00:19:32,320
research oh and i should not

498
00:19:36,950 --> 00:19:34,400
i need to also look at astronomy because

499
00:19:40,230 --> 00:19:36,960
we have the alpha magnetic spectrometer

500
00:19:42,230 --> 00:19:40,240
that is collecting strange particles

501
00:19:43,830 --> 00:19:42,240
as the space station orbits the earth it

502
00:19:46,310 --> 00:19:43,840
takes advantage of the big solar rays

503
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:46,320
and electricity to do that and we're

504
00:19:50,310 --> 00:19:48,559
expecting that to actually rewrite the

505
00:19:51,990 --> 00:19:50,320
astronomy textbooks here soon if you

506
00:19:54,230 --> 00:19:52,000
like to study the stars because it's

507
00:20:00,150 --> 00:19:54,240
going to teach us all about dark matter

508
00:20:03,029 --> 00:20:01,430
thank you

509
00:20:04,710 --> 00:20:03,039
you're welcome at least i know we're

510
00:20:06,230 --> 00:20:04,720
supposed to go to 12 15. i don't want i

511
00:20:07,990 --> 00:20:06,240
don't want to take too much more time do

512
00:20:09,750 --> 00:20:08,000
you have time for another question or

513
00:20:12,630 --> 00:20:09,760
two or is this it

514
00:20:14,789 --> 00:20:12,640
we've got time for one more question

515
00:20:17,590 --> 00:20:14,799
we'll give you one last more question uh

516
00:20:24,070 --> 00:20:17,600
this is from christina

517
00:20:26,630 --> 00:20:25,350
well you know it's very interesting that

518
00:20:28,710 --> 00:20:26,640
you asked that question because when i

519
00:20:31,750 --> 00:20:28,720
was a little girl i thought i would

520
00:20:33,669 --> 00:20:31,760
never be able to work at nasa because to

521
00:20:35,590 --> 00:20:33,679
me i thought it was unreachable

522
00:20:37,750 --> 00:20:35,600
but you know i was encouraged by my

523
00:20:39,669 --> 00:20:37,760
teachers especially and and by my

524
00:20:41,669 --> 00:20:39,679
parents that you know never say that

525
00:20:43,430 --> 00:20:41,679
anything is impossible as long as you

526
00:20:45,830 --> 00:20:43,440
try to do your best and i took a

527
00:20:48,070 --> 00:20:45,840
different avenue i didn't major

528
00:20:50,070 --> 00:20:48,080
in astronomy or anything like that but i

529
00:20:52,549 --> 00:20:50,080
did apply the knowledge that i did

530
00:20:55,029 --> 00:20:52,559
receive in school to what i do now and

531
00:20:57,190 --> 00:20:55,039
it and it's perfect and so i would just

532
00:20:59,510 --> 00:20:57,200
encourage you that don't limit yourself

533
00:21:02,070 --> 00:20:59,520
don't ever think that you know i'm not

534
00:21:04,070 --> 00:21:02,080
really into science or my strong point

535
00:21:06,070 --> 00:21:04,080
might be something else and so therefore

536
00:21:08,230 --> 00:21:06,080
i i would wouldn't make it in any

537
00:21:10,310 --> 00:21:08,240
particular field because you have so

538
00:21:12,630 --> 00:21:10,320
many talents inside of you that are just

539
00:21:14,870 --> 00:21:12,640
waiting to come out so for me

540
00:21:16,710 --> 00:21:14,880
i i thought i could never do it and here

541
00:21:18,470 --> 00:21:16,720
i am and i would never dream of being

542
00:21:19,990 --> 00:21:18,480
anywhere else i absolutely love being

543
00:21:21,909 --> 00:21:20,000
here to mona lisa you have to tell them

544
00:21:23,990 --> 00:21:21,919
what you studied okay

545
00:21:25,909 --> 00:21:24,000
so my my degree is actually in

546
00:21:27,590 --> 00:21:25,919
criminology so that just goes to show

547
00:21:30,390 --> 00:21:27,600
you here it is i thought i would be you

548
00:21:32,070 --> 00:21:30,400
know fbi cia and instead here i'm

549
00:21:33,270 --> 00:21:32,080
working with these great crew members

550
00:21:36,310 --> 00:21:33,280
and flight controllers and flight

551
00:21:38,549 --> 00:21:36,320
directors so you never know where your

552
00:21:40,630 --> 00:21:38,559
education will lead you that's right and

553
00:21:42,710 --> 00:21:40,640
you know i took a different path too

554
00:21:44,549 --> 00:21:42,720
i've been working at nasa for 26 years

555
00:21:46,710 --> 00:21:44,559
now

556
00:21:48,470 --> 00:21:46,720
i remember getting to stay home from

557
00:21:50,390 --> 00:21:48,480
kindergarten to watch alan shepard

558
00:21:52,950 --> 00:21:50,400
launch when the very first american went

559
00:21:54,789 --> 00:21:52,960
into space and i've always had a real

560
00:21:56,070 --> 00:21:54,799
interest in space but i never thought

561
00:21:58,310 --> 00:21:56,080
you know i want to be an astronaut and

562
00:22:00,470 --> 00:21:58,320
all that but i was too tall at the time

563
00:22:02,310 --> 00:22:00,480
and then i got needed to wear glasses of

564
00:22:04,149 --> 00:22:02,320
course wear contacts now and things like

565
00:22:05,909 --> 00:22:04,159
that so i never thought i could do it

566
00:22:07,510 --> 00:22:05,919
and i was a reporter and an editor for

567
00:22:09,110 --> 00:22:07,520
10 years before

568
00:22:11,350 --> 00:22:09,120
i got an opportunity to come work at

569
00:22:13,190 --> 00:22:11,360
nasa and now i've been here for 26 years

570
00:22:17,750 --> 00:22:13,200
and it's been a really rewarding career

571
00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:17,760
so my point is that a uh just study what

572
00:22:22,789 --> 00:22:20,320
you need your get a good general

573
00:22:24,390 --> 00:22:22,799
education and that will set you up for

574
00:22:26,390 --> 00:22:24,400
just about anything you want to do in

575
00:22:28,870 --> 00:22:26,400
life and if it ends up being working at

576
00:22:31,590 --> 00:22:28,880
nasa remember that not everybody has to

577
00:22:33,669 --> 00:22:31,600
be an astronaut that there are all kinds

578
00:22:36,070 --> 00:22:33,679
of people that support in many different

579
00:22:37,669 --> 00:22:36,080
ways there are business people that keep

580
00:22:39,510 --> 00:22:37,679
the budgets running for us so that we

581
00:22:41,669 --> 00:22:39,520
can do the things we do there are flight

582
00:22:43,750 --> 00:22:41,679
controllers that support the crews here

583
00:22:45,510 --> 00:22:43,760
on the ground or people like alicia that

584
00:22:47,830 --> 00:22:45,520
help coordinate the training that's so

585
00:22:49,510 --> 00:22:47,840
important to them doing their jobs well

586
00:22:50,950 --> 00:22:49,520
for people like me that help share it

587
00:22:52,950 --> 00:22:50,960
with people like you and people like

588
00:22:55,909 --> 00:22:52,960
michael hare who's helping us do this

589
00:22:58,070 --> 00:22:55,919
telecon today uh who are useful and

590
00:22:59,350 --> 00:22:58,080
they're human resources people that make

591
00:23:01,430 --> 00:22:59,360
sure that we have all the right people

592
00:23:04,230 --> 00:23:01,440
to do the jobs that need to be done

593
00:23:07,270 --> 00:23:04,240
so just remember that you should follow

594
00:23:09,270 --> 00:23:07,280
what what you like to do because

595
00:23:10,870 --> 00:23:09,280
life is too short to be doing something

596
00:23:13,430 --> 00:23:10,880
just for the paycheck you should be

597
00:23:15,190 --> 00:23:13,440
doing something you enjoy doing and if

598
00:23:24,390 --> 00:23:15,200
that ends up being a nasa we would

599
00:23:30,710 --> 00:23:27,430
alicia thank you so very very much for

600
00:23:32,149 --> 00:23:30,720
giving us this time um spend with you we

601
00:23:33,909 --> 00:23:32,159
know how valuable your time is and i

602
00:23:35,669 --> 00:23:33,919
can't begin to tell you what a thrill it

603
00:23:37,430 --> 00:23:35,679
has been for us here at christ king

604
00:23:39,190 --> 00:23:37,440
school in our little town of love in

605
00:23:40,630 --> 00:23:39,200
vermont to to be able to have this

606
00:23:43,029 --> 00:23:40,640
opportunity to speak with people in

607
00:23:45,110 --> 00:23:43,039
miscontrol it really is

608
00:23:47,029 --> 00:23:45,120
very inspiring to all of us thank you

609
00:23:49,590 --> 00:23:47,039
very much ken everybody can be given all

610
00:23:51,510 --> 00:23:49,600
big uh thank you

611
00:23:53,430 --> 00:23:51,520
thank you thank you i've really enjoyed

612
00:23:55,590 --> 00:23:53,440
the time we've spent together today

613
00:23:56,870 --> 00:23:55,600
thanks a bunch to you guys and to also

614
00:23:58,549 --> 00:23:56,880
everybody on the digital learning

615
00:24:00,789 --> 00:23:58,559
network that helps make these

616
00:24:03,269 --> 00:24:00,799
connections possible we love doing it